Keragaman Genetik-Fenotipik dan Hubungan antara Karakter Anatomi-Morfologi-Fisiologi dengan Produksi Bahan Kering Rumput Pakan Hasil Poliploidisasi dalam Kondisi Tercekam Aluminium
Abstract
The study was conducted with the aim to know the genetic-phenotypic variability (heritability value), and
correlation between morphology-anatomy-physiology characters and dry matter yield (DMY) of polyploidized forage
grasses under aluminum (Al) stressed condition. A total of 16 forage grass genotypes (polyploid and diploid Brachiaria
brizantha, Brachiaria decumbens, Setaria sphacelata, Setaria splendida, Panicum muticum, Panicum maximum,
Pennisetum purpureum, and Pennisetum purpupoides) were subjected to Al-stressed (16 mM Al2(SO4)3). The treatments
were allotted to a Randomized Completely Block Design with monofactorial pattern (genotypes) and 5 blocks in each
treatment. The morphology-anatomy-physiology characteristics evaluated were plant height, leaf number, tiller number,
leaf color, chlorophyll content, stomata number, chloroplast number, leaf nitrate reductase activity, dry matter, wet matter
yield, dry matter yield, stress tolerance index and pH media. Results showed the polyploidization increased stress tolerance
index of grasses. The genetic-phenotypic variability (heritability value) estimates for all morphology-anatomy-physiology
characteristics were high. Most morphology-anatomy-physiology characteristics, except leaf number, chlorophyll content
and chloroplast number, had significant correlation to dry matter yield. In conclusion, evaluation on selection progress of
dry matter yield of forage grasses can be effectively done by selection for yield of wet matter, plant height, leaf color,
branch number, stomata number, leaf nitrate reductase activity, pH media, and dry matter simultaneously.
correlation between morphology-anatomy-physiology characters and dry matter yield (DMY) of polyploidized forage
grasses under aluminum (Al) stressed condition. A total of 16 forage grass genotypes (polyploid and diploid Brachiaria
brizantha, Brachiaria decumbens, Setaria sphacelata, Setaria splendida, Panicum muticum, Panicum maximum,
Pennisetum purpureum, and Pennisetum purpupoides) were subjected to Al-stressed (16 mM Al2(SO4)3). The treatments
were allotted to a Randomized Completely Block Design with monofactorial pattern (genotypes) and 5 blocks in each
treatment. The morphology-anatomy-physiology characteristics evaluated were plant height, leaf number, tiller number,
leaf color, chlorophyll content, stomata number, chloroplast number, leaf nitrate reductase activity, dry matter, wet matter
yield, dry matter yield, stress tolerance index and pH media. Results showed the polyploidization increased stress tolerance
index of grasses. The genetic-phenotypic variability (heritability value) estimates for all morphology-anatomy-physiology
characteristics were high. Most morphology-anatomy-physiology characteristics, except leaf number, chlorophyll content
and chloroplast number, had significant correlation to dry matter yield. In conclusion, evaluation on selection progress of
dry matter yield of forage grasses can be effectively done by selection for yield of wet matter, plant height, leaf color,
branch number, stomata number, leaf nitrate reductase activity, pH media, and dry matter simultaneously.
Keywords
Selection, genetic-phenotypic variability, forage grass, aluminum stress